Arijit Singh was born on 25 April 1987 in Jiaganj, a small town on the Bhagirathi river in Murshidabad district, West Bengal. His father, Surinder Singh, comes from a Punjabi Sikh family that moved to Bengal after Partition. His mother, Aditi Singh, was Bengali and came from a musical family; she died in Kolkata on 20 May 2021.
Music was part of family life from the start. In an interview, his father recalled that Arijit used to sing kirtan at the local gurdwara as a child. He began training at around the age of three, and he learned from the Hazari brothers of Jiaganj:
He studied at Raja Bijay Singh High School in Jiaganj and later enrolled at Sripat Singh College, which is affiliated with the University of Kalyani.
In 2005, encouraged by his guru, he auditioned for the Sony TV singing reality show Fame Gurukul. He was eliminated before the finale, but the show brought him to Mumbai and to the attention of music directors.